preface

FMSThe energy metabolism monitoring system solution, as a classic, durable, and versatile high-precision and high-resolution metabolic measurement host of the SSI family, is highly favored by biological, ecological health, and biomedical scientists around the world who study various insects, experimental animals, small and medium-sized wild animals, poultry and livestock, and human bodies. The further upgrade and redesign of FMS, with smaller size, larger data storage capacity, intelligent large touch screen, simplified operation, and more reasonable price, will once again ignite the innovative enthusiasm of scientists focused on experimental research for flexible and mobile biological metabolism research.

The left side of the above picture shows the new FMS portable metabolic analyzer host, the above picture shows the metabolic measurement theory and technical manual, and the right side of the above picture shows the human energy metabolism plan

application area

lResearch on the adaptive behavior, physiology, and evolution of wild animals (including vector animals) to their environment

lObesity, cardiovascular, diabetes, aging and other health studies using experimental animals as models

lResearch on nutrition and greenhouse gas emissions of economic animals such as livestock and poultry

lHealth research on the human body, including exercise physiology, environmental simulation physiology, and nutrition for special populations

Technical features

lThis instrument perfectly integrates airflow generation and control, BaseLine/Chambers dual channel gas path switch, CO2, O2, and H2O measurement and display, data acquisition and storage, etc. in a portable suitcase.

lThe gas analyzers used are high-quality and high-resolution scientific grade analyzers, which can accurately measure oxygen content, carbon dioxide content, water vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure, flow rate, and temperature. They can meet the respiratory metabolism measurement needs of various research levels, such as biomedical research, animal respiratory metabolism research, exercise physiology research, plant respiration and photosynthesis research, soil respiration research, fermentation research, etc.

lBrand new mini host, sturdy casing, with handle for maximum portability, suitable for on-site use in various complex outdoor environments

lAutomatic compensation for temperature and air pressure, eliminating errors caused by changes in environmental temperature and air pressure

l8Channel analog signal input, compatible with other analyzers or sensors, 4-channel temperature input

lThe ultra large touch screen displays various parameters of the instrument in real-time, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, analog input signals, storage size, sampling status, date and time series data, etc

lThe panel has an SD card slot with a maximum support capacity of 32GB, allowing for instant storage of data information without the need for a separate computer

lEquipped with powerful expansion ports, it can form a comprehensive metabolic monitoring system controlled by multiple channels or various factors

lField experiments can use lithium-ion battery packs (4.8 A-H) with a running time of at least 6 hours

The left side of the picture shows a portable device used for 10 years to monitor the metabolism of wild birds in the PBS video report. The right side of the picture shows a high-resolution real-time energy metabolism monitoring scheme under a sedentary lifestyle.

Technical indicators

1. Sensor: O2 analyzer, fuel cell technology, service life of about 2 years, replaceable fuel cell; CO2 analyzer, colorless dispersion dual wavelength infrared gas analyzer; Water vapor analyzer, platinum electrode capacitive sensor

2. Measurement range: O2， 0 - 100%； Atmospheric pressure, 30-110 kPa; CO2， 0 –5%； Water vapor pressure, 0-100% RH (non condensing), temperature 0-100 ° C

3. Accuracy: O2： 0.1% of 2-100% reading; CO2： 1% of 0-5% reading; H2O: 0-95% RH reading of 1%, 95-100% better than 2%; Temperature 0.2˚C

4. resolving power: O2: 0.001%； CO2: 0.0001%-0.01%； H2O: 0.001%RH

5. Signal drift: O2:<0.02% per hour at constant temperature; CO2: < 0.001% per hour; H2O:<0.01% RH per hour

6. Signal input: eight standard voltage bipolar analog inputs, four temperature inputs

7. Analog output: 8 custom outputs

8. Digital control output: 8TTL logic signal

9. Digital output: RS-232 to USB, Sablebus fast interface

10.Built in memory: SD memory card, up to 32GB

11.Storage time interval: 0.1 seconds to 1 hour, user-defined

12.Airflow rate: 10-1500mL/min

13.Flow control: Micro electronic thermal feedback system, airflow control is actually connected to the airflow pump and flow meter (microcomputer controlled) through a precision feedback loop system, while providing high-precision needle valves; Accuracy: 2% of the reading

14.Flow resolution: 0-99.9mL/min is 0.1mL/min; Above 100mL/min is 1mL/min

15.Touchscreen operation can display various parameters of the instrument in real time, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, analog input signals, storage size, sampling status, date and time series, etc. Equipped with Windows version software, it can display and analyze data online

16.Working temperature: 3-50 ° C, no condensation

17.Power supply: 12-15 VDC, with 220V AC adapter; Optional lithium battery power supply, convenient for field operation.

18.Size: 35cm × 30cm × 15cm

19.Weight: 4kg

The above figure shows, from left to right, a portable metabolic monitoring and respiratory chamber solution provided for elephants, crickets, hovering hummingbirds, and vector insects

The above diagram, from left to right, shows the metabolic monitoring package provided for armored soldiers, clustered birds, marine mammals, and plants

The above diagram, from left to right, shows the metabolic monitoring protocols provided by metabolic cages, flow-through rodent respiratory chambers, and spontaneous activity or motion inducers

Typical Application 1

Comparison of the CO2 ventilatory response through development in three rodent species: Effect of fossoriality， Sprenger R J, Kim A B, Dzal Y A, et al. Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2019, 264: 19-27.

This article investigates the respiratory patterns and sensitivity to different concentrations of carbon dioxide gas in juvenile rats, hamsters, and squirrels at different ages, in order to explore the environmental plasticity of juvenile development in different species of rodents.

Typical Application 2

Greater energy demand of exercise during pregnancy does not impact mechanical efficiency， Denize K M, Akbari P, da Silva D F, et al. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2019.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Canadian Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists have released the latest guidelines for pregnant women, recommending 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise to reduce pregnancy complications and benefit the health of both the mother and the baby. However, little is known about how pregnancy (with infants as a special burden) affects the energy input, physical activity, and mechanical efficiency of pregnant women. This study quantifies the energy consumption and mechanical efficiency of different exercise programs using an FMS portable energy metabolism meter.

The left side of the figure shows the comparison of resting energy consumption among control individuals, early pregnancy, mid pregnancy, and late pregnancy. The right side of the figure shows the activity energy consumption of control individuals, early pregnancy, mid pregnancy, and late pregnancy individuals after a 21 minute standard exercise task* Indicating significant differences in the results.

This study innovatively found that 1) the energy demand for exercise time during pregnancy is directly proportional to weight gain; 2) Mechanical efficiency remains constant during low to moderate intensity walking.

Origin: United States

Optional technical solutions

1)Optional WIC infrared thermal imaging technology can be used in conjunction to form an animal metabolic physiological phenotype analysis system

2) Optional 2D&3D video tracking and behavior analysis software for 3D tracking, analysis, and model output of animal behavior, high-throughput evaluation of activity status and motion level, tracking multiple body points for statistical tail swing frequency and body swing experiments, and automatic calculation of inter individual distance and nearest neighbor distance for animal swarm behavior experiments

3)Optional implantable temperature (heart rate, activity) recorder for real-time monitoring of animal body temperature, analysis of respiratory patterns and energy consumption of feverish individuals

4)Optional hyperspectral imaging for blood flow signal analysis during metabolic phenotype analysis, as well as high-precision machine vision diagnosis of tumor animal models or human surgical boundaries, and Thermo RGB medical dual light infrared thermography for studying facial fever in humans

References (only list some representative references)

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3.de Melo Costa C C, Maia A S C, Nascimento S T, et al. Thermal balance of Nellore cattle[J]. International journal of biometeorology, 2018, 62(5): 723-731.

4.Denize, Kathryn M., et al. "Greater energy demand of exercise during pregnancy does not impact mechanical efficiency." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism ja (2019).

5.Fernandes M H M R, Lima A R C, Almeida A K, et al.Fasting heat production of S aanen and A nglo N ubian goats measured using open‐circuit facemask respirometry[J]. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 2017, 101(1): 15-21.

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11.Ladds M A, Slip D J, Harcourt R G. Swimming metabolic rates vary by sex and development stage, but not by species, in three species of Australian otariid seals[J]. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 2017, 187(3): 503-516.

12.Lenard A, Gifford M E. Mechanisms Influencing Countergradient Variation in Prairie Lizards, Sceloporusconsobrinus[J]. Journal of Herpetology, 2019, 53(3): 196-203.

13.Louppe V, Courant J, Videlier M, et al.Differences in standard metabolic rate at the range edge versus the center of an expanding invasive population of Xenopus laevis in the West of France[J]. Journal of Zoology, 2018, 305(3): 163-172.

14.Maia A S C, Nascimento S T, Carvalho M D, et al. Enteric methane emission of Jersey dairy cows: an investigation on circadian pattern[C]//21ST INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF BIOMETEOROLOGY. 2017: 100.

15.Nascimento C C N, de França Carvalho Fonsêca V, de Melo Costa C C, et al.Respiratory functions and adaptation: an investigation on farm animals bred in tropical environment[J]. 2017.

16.Noren D P, Holt M M, Dunkin R C, et al.Echolocation is cheap for some mammals: Dolphins conserve oxygen while producing high-intensity clicks[J]. Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology, 2017, 495: 103-109.

17.Otálora-Ardila A, Flores-Martínez J J, Welch K C. The effect of short-term food restriction on the metabolic cost of the acute phase response in the fish-eating Myotis (Myotis vivesi)[J]. Mammalian Biology, 2017, 82(1): 41-47.

18.Sanguino R A. Rapamycin Interacts with Nutrition to Decrease Basal MetabolicRate of Drosophila melanogaster[M]. Adelphi University, 2017.

19.Sprenger R J, Kim A B, Dzal Y A, et al. Comparison of the CO2 ventilatory response through development in three rodent species: Effect of fossoriality[J]. Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 2019, 264: 19-27.

20.Toler M. Kinetics and Energetics of Feeding Behaviors in Daubentoniamadagascariensis[D]. Duke University, 2017.